Habka xisaabinta kombaresarada hawada iyo mabda'a!
Injineer ku takhasusay kombaresarada hawada, marka lagu daro fahamka waxqabadka sheyga ee shirkaddaada, xisaabaadka qaarkood ee ku lug leh qodobkan ayaa sidoo kale lama huraan ah, haddii kale, asalkaaga xirfadeed wuxuu noqon doonaa mid aad u cirro leh.
(Jaantuska jaantuska, oo aan u dhigmin badeecad gaar ah oo ku jirta maqaalka)
1. Ka soo saarida beddelka halbeegga "square square" iyo "cubic"
1Nm3/daqiiqo ( laba jibaaran yahay) s1.07m3/daqiiqo
Haddaba, sidee bay u beddelashadani ku timid?Ku saabsan qeexida labajibbaaran caadiga ah iyo cubic:
pV=nRT
Labada dawladood, cadaadiska, cadadka walxaha iyo joogtooyinka waa isku mid, farqiga u dhexeeya waa heerkulka kaliya (thermodynamic heat) ayaa laga soo saaraa: Vi/Ti=V2/T2 (taasi waa sharciga Gay Lussac)
Ka soo qaad: V1, Ti waa xabadaha caadiga ah, V2, T2 waa xabado
Dabadeed: V1: V2=Ti: T2
Taasi waa: Vi: Vz=273: 293
Sidaa darteed: Vis1.07V2
Natiijadu: 1Nm3/mins1.07m3/daqiiqo
Marka labaad, isku day inaad xisaabiso isticmaalka shidaalka kombarestarka hawada
Compressor-ka hawada leh 250kW, 8kg, barokaca 40m3/daqiiqo, iyo saliidda ku jirta 3PPM, imisa litir oo saliid ah ayaa unuggu u isticmaali doonaa aragti ahaan haddii uu socdo 1000 saacadood?
jawaab:
Isticmaalka shidaalka mitir kuyuubkiiba:
3x 1.2=36mg/m3
, 40 mitir kuyuub ah daqiiqaddii isticmaalka shidaalka:
40×3.6/1000=0.144g
Isticmaalka shidaalka ka dib markii uu socdo 1000 saacadood:
-1000x60x0.144=8640g=8.64kg
Waxaa loo beddelay mugga 8.64/0.8=10.8L
(Ammaaniyadda saliidda saliidda waa qiyaastii 0.8)
Korku waa kaliya isticmaalka shidaalka aragtida, dhab ahaantii way ka weyn tahay qiimahan (filtiyaha saliida ee kala-soocida saliidda ayaa sii socota inuu hoos u dhaco), haddii la xisaabiyo iyadoo lagu saleynayo saacadaha 4000, 40 cubic air compressor wuxuu socon doonaa ugu yaraan 40 litir (laba foosto) oo saliid ah.Sida caadiga ah, qiyaastii 10-12 fuusto (18 litir/fuusto) ayaa lagu shubaa dayactir kasta oo lagu sameeyo kombaresarka hawada 40-square-mitir ah, isticmaalka shidaalkana waa qiyaastii 20%.
3. Xisaabinta mugga gaaska plateau
Xisaabi barokaca kombaresarka hawada ee bannaanka una socda bannaanka:
Qaabka xigashada:
V1/V2=R2/R1
V1=mugga hawada ee aagga bannaan, V2=mugga hawada ee dhulka bannaanka ah
R1 = saamiga cadaadiska ee bannaan, R2 = saamiga cadaadiska ee plateau
Tusaale: kombaresarada hawadu waa 110kW, cadaadiska qiiqu waa 8bar, heerka socodka mugga waa 20m3/daqiiqo.Waa maxay barakaca moodalkan oo jooggiisu yahay 2000 mitir?La tasho miiska cadaadiska barometric ee u dhigma joogga)
Xalka: Sida ku cad qaaciddada V1/V2= R2/R1
(calaamad 1 waa cad, 2 waa plateau)
V2=ViR1/R2R1=9/1=9
R2=(8+0.85)/0.85=10.4
V2=20×9/10.4=17.3m3/daqiiqo
Dabadeed: mugga qiiqa ee qaabkani waa 17.3m3/min isagoo jooggiisu yahay 2000 mitir, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in haddii kombaresarada hawada laga isticmaalo meelaha bannaanka ah, mugga qiiqa si weyn loo dhimi doono.
Sidaa darteed, haddii macaamiisha aagagga taagga ah ay u baahan yihiin xaddi gaar ah oo hawo cadaadis ah, waxay u baahan yihiin inay fiiro gaar ah u yeeshaan in barokaca kombaresarada hawadeena ay buuxin karto shuruudaha ka dib marka sare loo qaado.
Isla mar ahaantaana, macaamiil badan oo soo bandhigay baahidooda, gaar ahaan kuwa uu naqshadeeyay machadka naqshadeynta, ayaa had iyo jeer jecel inay isticmaalaan cutubka Nm3 / min, waxayna u baahan yihiin inay fiiro gaar ah u yeeshaan beddelka ka hor xisaabinta.
4. Xisaabinta wakhtiga buuxinta kombaresarka hawada
Intee in le'eg ayay ku qaadanaysaa kombaresarada hawadu inuu taangiga buuxiyo?Inkasta oo xisaabintani aanay faa'iido badan lahayn, waa arrin khaldan oo waxay noqon kartaa qiyaas ahaan sida ugu fiican.Si kastaba ha noqotee, isticmaaleyaal badan ayaa wali doonaya inay tijaabiyaan habkan iyagoo ka shakisan barokaca dhabta ah ee kombaresarada hawada, sidaa darteed wali waxaa jira xaalado badan oo xisaabintan ah.
Midda kowaad waa mabda'a xisaabintan: dhab ahaantii waa beddelka mugga labada dawladood ee gaasta.Midda labaad waa sababta qaladka xisaabinta weyn: marka hore, ma jirto xaalad lagu cabbirayo qaar ka mid ah xogta lagama maarmaanka ah ee goobta, sida heerkulka, sidaas awgeed waa la iska indho tiri karaa;labaad, hawlgalka dhabta ah ee cabbirku ma noqon karo mid sax ah, sida u beddelashada heerka buuxinta.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii ay jirto baahi, waxaan weli u baahannahay inaan ogaano nooca xisaabinta:
Tusaale: Intee ayay qaadanaysaa 10m3/daqiiqo, 8bar kombaresarka hawada si loo buuxiyo haanta kaydinta gaaska 2m3?Sharaxaad: Maxaa ka buuxa?Taas macnaheedu waa, kombaresarada hawadu waxay ku xidhan tahay 2 mitir cubic oo gaas ah, iyo qiiqa kaydinta gaaska ee dhamaadka waalka xidh ilaa kombaresarada hawadu ku dhufato 8 bar si aad u dejiso, cadaadiska cabbirka sanduuqa kaydinta gaaska sidoo kale waa 8 bar. .Waqti intee le'eg ayay qaadataa waqtigan?Fiiro gaar ah: Waqtigaan wuxuu u baahan yahay in la tiriyo laga bilaabo bilowga rarida kombaresarada hawada, lagumana dari karo beddelaadkii hore ee xiddigta-delta ama habka isbeddelka soo noqnoqda ee rogaha.Tani waa sababta dhaawaca dhabta ah ee goobta ka dhacay uusan noqon karin mid sax ah.Haddii ay jirto meel la dhaafo dhuumaha ku xiran kombaresarka hawada, qaladku wuu yaraan doonaa haddii kombaresarada hawada si buuxda loo raro oo si degdeg ah loogu wareejiyo tuubada buuxinta haanta kaydinta hawada.
Marka hore habka ugu fudud (qiyaas):
Iyadoon loo eegin heerkulka:
piVi=pzVz (Sharciga Boyle-Malliot) Iyadoo loo marayo qaacidadan, waxaa la ogaaday in isbeddelka mugga gaaska uu dhab ahaantii yahay saamiga cadaadiska
Dabadeed: t=Vi/ (V2/R) min
(Lambarka 1 waa mugga haanta kaydinta hawada, 2-na waa socodka mugga hawada kombaresarka)
t=2m3/ (10m3/9) daq= 1.8min
Waxay qaadataa qiyaastii 1.8 daqiiqo in si buuxda loo dallaco, ama qiyaastii 1 daqiiqo iyo 48 ilbiriqsi
oo ay ku xigto algorithm xoogaa ka adag
cadaadiska cabbiraadda)
sharax
Q0 - Qulqulka mugga kombuyuutarka m3/min aan lahayn kondensate:
Vk - mugga taangiga m3:
T - waqtiga sicir-bararka min;
px1 - cadaadis nuugid MPa:
Tx1 - heerkulka nuugista kombaresarada K:
pk1 - cadaadiska gaaska MPa ee haanta kaydinta gaaska bilowga sicir bararka;
pk2 - Cadaadiska gaaska MPa ee haanta kaydinta gaaska ka dib dhamaadka sicir-bararka iyo dheelitirka kulaylka:
Tk1 - heerkulka gaaska K ee haanta bilowga dallacaadda:
Tk2 - Heerkulka gaasta K ee haanta kaydinta gaaska ka dib dhamaadka ku dallacaadda gaaska iyo dheellitirka kulaylka
Tk - heerkulka gaaska K ee haanta.
5. Xisaabinta Isticmaalka Hawada ee Qalabka Pneumatic
Habka xisaabinta isticmaalka hawada ee nidaamka isha hawada ee qalab kasta oo pneumatic ah marka uu si aan kala go' lahayn u shaqeeyo (isticmaalka degdega ah iyo joojinta):
Qmax- isticmaalka hawada ugu badan ee dhabta ah ee loo baahan yahay
Hill – qodobka isticmaalka.Waxay ku xisaabtamaysaa isku-dhafka in dhammaan qalabka pneumatic-ka aan la isticmaali doonin isku mar.Qiimaha dhabta ah waa 0.95 ~ 0.65.Guud ahaan, inta badan tirada qalabka pneumatic-ka, waa yaraanta isticmaalka isku mar ah, iyo qiimaha yar, haddii kale qiimaha weyn.0.95 ee 2 qalab, 0.9 loogu talagalay 4 qalab, 0.85 loogu talagalay 6 qalab, 0.8 loogu talagalay 8 qalab, iyo 0.65 oo loogu talagalay in ka badan 10 qalab.
K1 - Iskudubarid leakage, qiimaha waxaa laga soo xushay gudaha 1.2 ilaa 15
K2 - Isku-dhafka Spare, qiimaha waxaa lagu doortaa inta u dhaxaysa 1.2 ~ 1.6.
K3 - Isku-dhafka aan sinnayn
Waxay tixgelisaa in ay jiraan arrimo aan sinnayn xisaabinta celceliska isticmaalka gaaska ee nidaamka isha gaaska, waxaana loo dejiyay si loo hubiyo isticmaalka ugu badan, qiimaheeduna waa 1.2
~ 1.4 taageere doorashada gudaha.
6. Marka mugga hawadu aanu ku filnayn, xisaabi farqiga mugga hawada
Sababtoo ah kororka qalabka isticmaalka hawada, sahayda hawadu kuma filna, iyo inta kombaresarada hawada loo baahan yahay in lagu daro si loo ilaaliyo cadaadiska shaqada ee la qiimeeyay ayaa lagu qancin karaa.formula:
Q Real - heerka socodka hawada kombaresarada ee looga baahan yahay nidaamka hoos yimaada xaalada dhabta ah,
QOriginal - heerka socodka rakaabka ee kombaresarada hawada asalka ah;
Heshiiska - cadaadiska MPa ee lagu gaari karo xaaladaha dhabta ah;
P asalka ah - cadaadiska shaqada MPa kaas oo lagu gaari karo isticmaalka asalka ah;
AQ- socodka mugga waa in la kordhiyaa (m3/min)
Tusaale: kombaresarada hawada asalka ah waa 10 mitir kuyuub ah iyo 8 kg.Isticmaaluhu wuxuu kordhiyaa qalabka iyo cadaadiska hawada hadda jira wuxuu ku dhufan karaa kaliya 5 kg.Weydii, inta kombaresarka hawada loo baahan yahay in lagu daro si loo daboolo baahida hawada ee 8 kg.
AQ=10* (0.8-0.5) / (0.5+0.1013)
s4.99m3/min
Sidaa darteed: kombaresarada hawo leh barokaca ugu yaraan 4.99 mitir kuyuubik iyo 8 kiiloogaraam ayaa loo baahan yahay.
Dhab ahaantii, mabda'a qaabkani waa: iyadoo la xisaabinayo farqiga u dhexeeya cadaadiska bartilmaameedka, waxay ku xisaabtamaysaa saamiga cadaadiska hadda jira.Saamigan waxaa lagu dabaqayaa heerka socodka hawada kombaresarka hadda la isticmaalo, taas oo ah, qiimaha laga helayo heerka socodka bartilmaameedka ayaa la helay.
