Waa maxay matoorku?
Mashiinnada korantada waxaa loola jeedaa aaladda korantada ee garta beddelka tamarta korantada ama gudbinta iyadoo loo eegayo sharciga soo-saarka korantada.Matoorku waxa uu ka dhigan yahay xarafka M (standard D) ee wareegga, shaqadeeda ugu weyni waa in ay dhaliso qulqulka wadista.Sida isha korontada ee qalabka korontada ama mishiinada kala duwan, koronto-dhaliyaha waxaa u taagan xarafka G ee wareegga, shaqadeeda ugu weyni waa inuu u beddelo tamarta tamarta tamarta farsamada.
1. Rotor 2. Xadhkaha dambe ee birta
A, qaybinta mootada iyo kala saarista
1. Marka loo eego nooca tamarta shaqada, waxa loo qaybin karaa matoor DC iyo AC motor.
2. Marka loo eego qaab dhismeedka iyo mabda'a shaqada, waxaa loo qaybin karaa matoor DC, matoor asynchronous ah iyo matoor isku mid ah.
3. Marka loo eego hababka bilawga iyo socodsiinta, waxa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: Capacitor-bilaabida hal-waji asynchronous motor, capacitor- ordaya hal weji asynchronous motor, capacitor-bilaabi hal-waji asynchronous motor iyo kala qaybsan hal-weji hal- motor asynchronous wajiga.
4. Marka loo eego ujeedada, waxa loo qaybin karaa baabuur wadista iyo matoorka xakamaynta.
5. Marka loo eego qaab dhismeedka rotor-ka, waxa loo kala qaybin karaa matoor-qafis daba-gale (heerka hore ee loo yaqaan squirrel-cage asynchronous motor) iyo dhaawaca rotor induction motor (heerka hore ee loo yaqaan nabar asynchronous motor).
6. Marka loo eego xawaaraha orodka, waxa loo qaybin karaa matoor-xawaaraha sareeyo, mooto-xawaaraha hooseeya, matoor-xawaaraha joogtada ah iyo matoor-xawaaraha doorsoomayaasha.Matoorada-xawaaraha-hooseeya waxa loo qaybiyaa matoorada dhimista gear-ka, matoorada dhimista korantada, matoorrada xawliga ah iyo matoorada cidi-cidhiidhiga ah.
Marka labaad, waa maxay matoorku?
Matoorku waa nooc ka mid ah qalabka tamarta korontada u beddela tamar farsamaysan.Waxay isticmaashaa gariiradda korantada leh (taas oo ah, istator winding) si ay u dhaliso garoon magnetic wareeg ah oo ay ku dhaqanto rotor (sida dabaqa hoose ee qafis aluminium ah oo xiran) si ay u sameyso wareegtada wareegta ee magnetoelectric.Matoorada waxaa loo qaybiyaa matoorada DC iyo AC matoorada iyadoo loo eegayo ilo koronto oo kala duwan.Inta badan matoorrada ku jira nidaamka korantada waa matoorrada AC, kuwaas oo noqon kara matoorrada isku midka ah ama matoorrada asynchronous (xawaaraha goobta magnetic stator ee matoorku kuma sii soconayo xawaaraha wareegga rotor).Matoorku wuxuu inta badan ka kooban yahay stator iyo rotor, iyo jihada kaari tamarta tamarta ee goobta magnetic waxay la xiriirtaa jihada hadda iyo xariiqda magnetic induction (jihada magnetic field).Mabda'a shaqada ee matoorku waa in goobta birlabku ay ku dhaqdo hadda si uu matoorku u wareego.
Saddexaad, qaabka aasaasiga ah ee matoorka
1. Qaab dhismeedka matoorka asynchronous saddex-waji ah wuxuu ka kooban yahay stator, rotor iyo qalabyo kale.
2. Matoorka DC waxa uu qaataa qaab dhismeed dhan octagonal ah oo si buuxda u dahaadhan iyo dabayl xamaasad taxane ah, taas oo ku habboon tignoolajiyada kontoroolka tooska ah ee u baahan wareeg hore iyo rogaal celin.Marka loo eego baahiyaha isticmaalayaasha, waxa kale oo laga samayn karaa dabayl taxane ah.Matoorada leh dhererka dhexe ee 100 ~ 280mm ma laha dabaylo magdhow ah, laakiin matoorada leh dhererka dhexe ee 250mm iyo 280 mm waxaa lagu samayn karaa dabeylo magdhow ah iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudo iyo baahiyo gaar ah, iyo matoorada leh dhererka dhexe ee 315 ~ 450 mm waxay leeyihiin magdhow.Cabbirrada rakibidda iyo shuruudaha farsamada ee matoorka leh dhererka dhexe ee 500 ~ 710 mm waxay la kulmaan heerarka caalamiga ah ee IEC, iyo dulqaadka cabbirka farsamada ee matoorku wuxuu la kulmaa heerarka caalamiga ah ee ISO.
Matoorka iyo matoorka farqi ma u dhexeeyaa?
Matoorka waxaa ku jira matoor iyo koronto-dhaliye.Ma sabuuradda sagxadda koronto-dhaliyaha iyo matoorka, labaduba fikrad ahaan way kala duwan yihiin.Matoorku waa uun mid ka mid ah hababka hawlgalka matoorka, laakiin matoorku wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa habka korantada, taas oo ah, wuxuu u beddelaa tamarta korantada noocyo kale oo tamar ah;Habka kale ee hawlgalka matoorku waa koronto-dhaliye.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxay ku shaqeysaa habka korontadu waxayna u beddeshaa noocyada kale ee tamarta tamarta korontada.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, matoorrada qaarkood, sida matoorada isku-dhafka ah, ayaa guud ahaan loo isticmaalaa dab-dhaliye, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa si toos ah loogu isticmaali karaa matoor ahaan.Matoorada asynchronous ayaa aad loogu isticmaalaa matoorada, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa loo isticmaali karaa dab-dhaliye iyadoo lagu darayo qaybo sahlan oo durugsan.